Foaming of Slag in Electric Arc Furnace Slag foaming has become an important and critical practice for the modern electric arc furnace (EAF) since a good foaming slag contributes considerable efficiency and other benefits to the process. The quality of the slag foaming is an important factor in the EAF steelmaking process since it ensures …
Read MoreIndustrial Pressure Measurement A major portion of all industrial measurement relates in some way or other to pressure in its several forms. For example, flow is often measured by determining the pressure which exists at two different points in a system. In a Bourdon system, pressure changes are used to produce the mechanical motion of …
Read MoreOrganization Structure Structure refers to the relations between the components of an organization as a whole. The organization structure can be considered mostly of two types namely (i) physical, and (ii) social. Physical structure refers to the relations between physical elements of organizations as buildings and geographical places in which the works are carried out. …
Read MoreFoaming of Slag in Basic Oxygen Furnace In basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking, a supersonic oxygen (O2) stream is injected onto the surface of the hot metal bath. The impurity elements in the bath such as carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), and phosphorus (P) are oxidized and removed from the bath in the form …
Read MoreIndustrial Temperature Measurement The term temperature supposedly originated from the Latin word ‘tempera’, which means ‘moderate or soften’. Technological processes need accurately controlled temperatures. Physical parameters and chemical reactions are temperature dependent, and hence temperature control is of major importance. Temperature measurement in the present day industrial environment encompasses a wide variety of needs and …
Read MoreRole of Employee Competency on Performance Competent employees are the main resource for an organization in acquiring a competitive advantage. Land, buildings, or materials do not contribute to the organizational productivity, rather, it is ‘people capital’ which runs the organization and produces value from existing resources. The best source for the organizational competitive advantage lies …
Read MoreSlopping of Slag in Basic Oxygen Furnace Steelmaking in basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is a batch process in which steel is made from liquid iron. The concentration of elements such as carbon (C), manganese (Mn), and phosphorous (P) have an impact on the steel quality. For the steel to be cast, it needs to be …
Read MoreControl Valves and their Types A technological process has a large numbers of control loops which are networked together for the process to function effectively and efficiently. Each of these control loops is designed to keep some important process variable such as pressure, flow, level, and temperature etc. within a required operating range for ensuring …
Read MoreManagement of Logistics Logistics facilitates in getting products and services to the customers when they are needed and desired by them. It also helps in economic transactions, serving as a major enabler of growth of trade and commerce in an economy. Logistics has come to be recognized as a distinct function with the rise of …
Read MoreProcess Control of Technological Processes Technological processes consist of handling, working, refining, combining, and manipulating materials and fluids to profitably produce end products. These processes can be precise, demanding, and potentially hazardous processes. Small changes in a process can have a large impact on the end result. Variations in proportions, temperature, flow, turbulence, and many …
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