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Ladle slag and its role in secondary steelmaking

Ladle slag and its role in secondary steelmaking Presently the production of liquid steel takes place in two stages. The first stage involves getting a semi-product in primary steel making process furnace such as converter, electric arc furnace or induction furnace, whereas the second stage consists in refining of steel in the secondary steelmaking process …

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Inclusions in Steel and Secondary Steelmaking

Inclusions in Steel and Secondary Steelmaking Non-metallic inclusions, (hereinafter referred to as ‘inclusions’), are chemical compounds consisting of at least one non-metallic component, such as sulphur or oxygen. In steels, inclusions are an unwanted but mainly an unavoidable phase caused by the content of oxidizing agents in the liquid steel due to the raw material …

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